Capsule making machine and method



April 17, 1951 'R. E. MOULE CAPSULEF MAKING.MACHINE AND METHOD 14 Sheets-Sheet 1 Original Filed Jun e 5, 1944 A ril :1 195.1

R. E. MOULE -.CAPSULE MAKIJNG MACHINE *AND METHOD 14 sheets-sneeze Original fFiled June 5, 1944 April 17, 1951". R; E; M'QULE' 25 CAPSULE, MAKING; MACHINE" AND METHOD Original Filed June'. 5', 1944 I4 Sheets-Shet 5 'APriIi 1951i R; E. MJOULE' 2,549,327

- CAPSULEv MAKING MACHINE AND METHOD Original Filed June 5, 1944-, 14 Sheets-Sheet 4 April 17, 1951 R. E. MOULE CAPSULE MAKING MACHINE AND METHOD 14 Sheets-Sheet 5 Original Filed June 5, 1944 April 17, 1951 R. E. MOULE CAPSULE MAKING MACHINE AND METHOD Original Filed June 5, 1944 14 Sheets-Sheet 6 April 1951 R. E. MOULE 2,549,327

CAPSULE MAKING MACHINE AND METHOD Original Filed June 5, 1944 14 Sheets-Sheet 7 April 17, 1951 MOULE 2,549,327

CAPSULE MAKING MACHINE AND METHOD Original Filed June 5, '1944 I4 Sheets-Sheet 8 I 1 15 19 16 16 F5 .74. J8 m 1/268 88 2 5 75 58 3 pix 55 255 14 Sheets-Sheet 9 R. E. MOULE CAPSULE MAKING MACHINE AND METHOD April 17, 1951 Original Filed June 5, 1944 April 17, 1951 MQULE 2,549,327

CAPSULE MAKING MACHINE AND METHOD R. E. MOULE CAPSULE MAKING MACHINE AND METHOD April 17, 1951 14 Sheets-Sheet 11 Original Filed June 5, 1944 April 17, 1951 MOULE 2,549,327

CAPSULE MAKING MACHINE AND METHOD 14 Sheets-Sheet 12 Original Filed June 5, 1944 April 17, 1951 R. E. MOULE 2,549,327

CAPSULE MAKING MACHINE AND METHOD briginal Filed June 5, 1944 14 Sheets-Sheet l3 R3. 33. 2%. 32. 27 v 270a i 32 E l I 4 IMMQ! iuwc .34

April 17,- 1951 R. E. MOULE 2,549,327

CAPSULE MAKING MACHINE AND METHOD Original Filed June 5, 1944 14 Sheets-Sheet 14 a e p n the tube r sea n it a i r ing Patented Apr. 17, 1951 UNITED STATES PATENT OFFICE 2,549,327 .QAPSULE MAKING HINE AND METHOD "Rex E. Moule, Worcester, Mass., assignor to Norton Gomn n Wo s r, Mas corporati n 9! Massachusetts Continuation of application Serial No. 538,761, June 5, 1 944. This application September 11, 194 SerialNo. 48,912

This application is a continuation of my co: pen in pp ication entitled .Capsule Making Machine, .Serial No. 533.761, filed June .5, 1944,, now abandon This invention relates to capsule making machines and methods, and more particularly to machines and methods for. making capsules of the type Consisting of a dose of medicament in a shell of gelatin or thelike.

The principal object of the invention is 'th provision of an improved machine and method V for the manufacture of capsules of the class defined the tube by the seam. The tube is then p ch d sh ansvers ly a a po nt spa ed from t e fi st s am o form a sec nd s a compl tely 2.8 Claims- (Cl. 18-5) be in part apparent and in part pointed out here inaf er.

Referring now to the drawings:

Fig, 1 is a ,front elevation of one form of apparatus :with parts broken out and parts in sec.- tion.

Fi 2. isa-t p plan view of t e app u sh inli'ig. i.

Fig. 3 is an end view with parts broken away of theappa atus sh wn Fig. 1.

1 Fig. i isan nlar d rear v o th apparatus sho n in Fig. l showing a dr v me ha Fig. 5 is an enlarged sectional view taken on line 55 of Figs. 1 and 4.

Fig, 6 is a fragmentary front elevation of the apparatus with parts in section.

ac ss the tu ith th o y o fil in 'ma eria I fined in the pock t r sultin etween the seams. Pressure-is then applied to opposite sides of the pocket over an area surrounding the cena portion of the po k to cause the fil in material to lge out he wa s o the pocket to en a l spher d shape and to pinch tog he p t ns f e a ls su roundin t e fi lin .material to form a complete seam confining the filling material within a generally spheroidal shell er v spheroidal hap :I general e ma hin of this invention comprises a nozzle or pipe, and apparatus for feeding a tube of capsule- Shell forming material past the outlet end of the nozzle or pipe with the tube surrounding the nozzle. B yon the en of the n zzl a elemen operoapsu es in accordance with he me h d. ins material be ng duped int the h gh the noz le or p pe..- Oth ieatures will i Fig.- 7 s a sectional view taken on in of Fig. 6, with parts omitted and parts broken away and parts in section.

cam for actuating acontainer-shaping device.

Fig, 12 is a sectional view taken on line I2-l2 of Fig. 6. V

Fig. 13 is a sectional view taken on line l3l3 of Fig. 6. l l is a -sectional view taken on line l4l4 of F s. 6 a d w th. p rts omitt d. Fig. 15 is a sectional view taken on line l5l5 of Figs. 14 and 20.

Fig. 16 is a sectional view taken on line l5-l6 oi F es- -sl nd .20.

Fig. 17 is an enlarged view of a device for controlling the flow of gelatin.

ig. 18 is a sectional view taken on line l8-l8 of Fig. 17. s

Fig. 19 is a sectional view of certain dies taken n line LQfIS of 10 with the dies open.

20 is a sectional view, similar to Fig. 19, with the dies closed and certain gelatinous rib- .bon feed rollers shown.

Fig. 2i is a sectional view taken on of Fig. 20.

Fig. 22 is a sectional view taken on line 22.-22 of Fig. 20. a Y

Fig- 3 is a fr nt elevation of a medicament pump with pa -ts in. section.

241s a sect onal vi w taken on l ne E l -.24

Fig. 25 is a sectional view taken on line 25-25 of Fig. 1.

Fig. 26 is a detail sectional view of a modified form of an upper die.

Fig. 27 is a detail view of a modified form of ribbon tensioning means which replace certain upper tension rolls.

Fig. 28 is a front elevation on an enlarged scale, showing a detail of a ribbon take-off shown generally in Fig. l.

Fig. 29 is a transverse sectional detail taken at line 2929 of Fig. 28.

Fig. 30 is an elevational detail from the line 3030 of Fig. 22.

Fig. 31 is a front elevation of a further modi-. fication of the ribbon-tensioning and capsule knock-out mechanism.

Fig. 32 is an end elevation of an end wall 32,

showing a modification in certain dies and in the ribbon formed by the dies so modified.

Fig. 36 is a plan view on an enlarged scale of a cam 205, which is shown in elevation in Fig. 6.

Figs. 37 to 41, inclusive, are diagrammatic showings, with parts in section, of the formation of one of the tubes which appear in side elevation in Fig. 35. These figures are taken at right angles to the plane of the ribbon as shown in Fig. 35.

Like numerals refer to like parts throughout the several figures.

The drawings show a particular apparatus for forming the closed containers or capsules. In this apparatus gelatinous material, when in a soft, plastic condition, is formed into webs or sheets by depositing it on the flat peripheries of casting wheels as the wheels are being rotated. These sheets are delivered to nozzles or pipes and formed into tubes around these pipes.

Referring to the drawings, there are two spaced apart casting wheels I and 2, rotating in opposite directions, upon the fiat peripheries of which the gelatinous material is deposited. These wheels are fastened to shafts la and 2a, which are rotatably mounted in bearings lb and 2b on the supporting frame. Located above these wheels is a tank 3 which contains the gelatinous material. This tank has a bottom which has two oppositely inclined sections 4 and 5, which incline from the center downwardly toward the edge of the tank so as to insure the delivery of the gelatinous material to the outlets 6 and 1 of the tank. Some means is provided for maintaining the gelatinous material at the proper temperature to secure the proper delivery through the outlets of the tank to the peripheries of the wheels. To secure this result there is an outer tank 8 surrounding the tank 3 for the gelatinous material. There is a space between the two tanks containing a liquid 9. Some means is provided for heating this liquid. As herein shown, there are one or more electric heaters ID in the liquid 9. The temperature of the liquid 9, and therefore the gelatinous material in tank 3, is automatically maintained at a predetermined temperature by means of a thermostat ll supported, in the form here shown, on the outer tank 8. Admission to the tanks 3 and 8 is secured by means of doors l2 and 13 (see Figs. 1, 2 and 3). Located above the wheels I and 2 is a tank [4 containing the medicament or other material to be placed in the closed containers. Access to this tank is secured by means of a cover l5. A metering or measuring pump assembly I6 is provided, which is connected to the tank M by a pipe ll. This pump delivers measured or metered quantities of the material at each stroke through conduits 18 to pipes 19, around which the gelatinous material is formed into .tubes so that each of the closed containers will contain the same amount of material. The outlets 6 and 'l of the tank 3 containing the gelatinous material are provided with valves 20, which,

when open, cause the gelatinous material to be discharged into cups 2!, supported in proximity to the periphery of the wheels I and 2. Each distributing receptacle 2|, for distributing the 'material may be adjusted;

or lower the end wall 32.

gelatinous material to the wheels I and 2, rests upon the periphery of its associated wheel, and is held in place by holding devices, preferably arranged one at each side of the receptacle. Any suitable device for this purpose may be used. As herein shown (Figs. 1'7 and 18), these holding devices each consist of a member 22 connected to the tank 8 and a member 23 connected to the distributing receptacle 2|, as shown in Figures 5 and 18. The member '22 works in the member 23 and is provided with projections 24 which work in slots 25 and in the member 23. A spring 26 tends to press the distributing receptacle 2! against the periphery of the wheel. Each distributing receptacle is provided with an inclined partition'Zl, which extends diagonally thereacross and has its'lower end in proximity to the discharge opening 28. In order to maintain the gelatinous material at the proper temperature, the distributing receptacle is provided with one or more heating devices 29 attached to the 'walls thereof and a heating device 38 attached to the bottom of the inclined partition 21 (see Figs. 17 and 18). In order to secure easy access to these heating devices or for the purpose of cleaning a receptacle, a crossbar 23a can be raise-d, to lift the lower ends 231) of the members 23 out of socket members 210. of the receptacle 2 l, and the receptacle 2| can then be removed. The end wall 32 of the distributing receptacle is provided with a narrow edge 33, which may extend beyond the side walls, as at 330.. This end wall is preferably made adjustable vertically so that the thickness of the sheet of gelatinous This adjustment may be secured in any manner, as by providing one or more eccentric adjusting screws 34, each of which passes through rounded openings 34a and has an eccentric head 34?), in the end wall 32. These screws pass through these openings 34a and have threaded engagement with the side walls of the distributing receptacle. The eccentric heads 34?] engage the openings to raise Securing screws 35 pass through vertical slots 35a and when the wall 32 has been adjusted and the screws 35 are tightened up, leakage will not occur. A gage may be inserted between the extensions 33a and the wheels I and 2 to obtain an accurate adjustment of the end wall 32.

As the casting wheels I and 2 rotate, gelatinous material, passing out of the slots 28, is deposited upon the peripheries of the two wheels l and 2 and forms the two sheets or webs of gelatinous material 36 and 31. Some means is provided for obtaining a proper temperature of the sheets of gelatinous material while they are on the wheels so that they will not stick to the wheels. For

this purpose each wheel is provided with enclosing walls 38 and 65 ('seeElgs. 1,3 and 25). The walls 38 are stationary, being mounted on'a fixed support; the walls 39 are secured to the" spokes of the wheels I and 2. Conditioned air is dis? charged through ducts 40 ('Fig. '3') into the interior spaces formed by the peripheries of the wheels and the walls 33 and 39. Below each wheel is provided a fan or blower 4| operated by a motor 42 for dehydrating the sheets of gelatinous material on the peripheries of the wheels.

The sheets of gelatinous material 36 and 37 may have lubricant applied to them, if desired. As they leave the Wheels I and 2, they pass rollers 43 and rollers 44 into chambers 45 and 46 which may, if desired, contain lubricant of any nature. The rollers 43 serve to remove the strips or sheets of material from the wheels I and 2.

If lubricant is used, it is supplied to the chambers 45 and 46 by any suitable means. One such means will be described below.

If the lubricant is used at all, it may be of any desired nature, oil, grease, water, alcohol, carbon tetrachloride or anything else which will serve the purpose of lubricating the strips or sheets 36, 37. These strips, if made of gelatinous material, will generally require lubricant. They may be made of other material, such as plastics, in which case they may require r5: lubricant. As the sheets or strips 36 and 3-! pass through the receptacles 45 and 46, they pass, respectively, around rollers 41 and 48, whichare positioned within the receptacles and which, ifjlubricant is present, are submerged in it. Thesheets 36 46 over rollers 49 and 56. Rollers 5i and 52 engage the sheets 36 and 31, their purpose being to remove surplus lubricant from the sheets, if any is present. The sheets 36 and 3,1 are then moved down between grooved rollers 53 and 54. These cooperating grooved rollers have .a plural ity of grooves 55, the number depending upon the number of tubes it is desired to form simultaneously from the sheets. Heating elements 36a and 31a may be provided for heating the sheets'befQre, they enter the. grooved rollers.

The rollers '43 may,'if desired, be driven by rollers 56 through flexible belts 56a, as shown in Fig. 28. The rollers 56 themselves are driven by frictional contact with the wheels I and 2. Spring or yielding means may be provided for holding the rollers. 56 in contact with their re spective wheels I and 2. Forthis purpose pins 64 may be used, and they support the wheels 55,

and are themselves slideably mounted in members 54a. A spring 6417 is positioned about each pin and is effective to hold the rollers or Wheels 56 in contact with their respective wheels i and 2.

The pipes or nozzles l9, by means of which the filling material is conducted to the tubes from which the containers are made, are located in grooves 55 between the two "rollers 53 and 54. These pipes are supported in a supporting member 51 (Fig. 20) which is located abovethe rollers and fastened to a fixed part on-the frame. These pipes are adjustably held in position by screws 58, threaded into the support 51, so-tliat they maybe adjusted to the desired position. These pipes may be cylindrical or any other shape desired. Their upper ends are preferably cylinrronecylindrioal :or flattened. 1

and 3'! then pass outo'f the receptacles and s in the containers.

in-Figs. 5, 23 and 24. This pump. consists of a body portion 60, provided with a series of cylinders 6|. Reciprocating in these cylinders are pistons or plungers 52. At the bottom of the body portion 66 is a chamber 63., into which the material is discharged by the pipe I'1, connecting with the tank I4. The cylinders 6| have connecting passageways 65 which connect them with the chamber 63. Located in these passageways are valves 66. Pin 6? are located abovethese valves to prevent them from being accidentally displaced. Located in the upper parts of the cylinders 6| are interior cylinders 68, which extend only part way along cylinders 6|, so as to reduce the size of the upper parts of such cylinders. The pistons 62 fit these interior cylinders 68. The lower ends of the cylinders 6| are provided with discharge openings 69 and couplings 59 containing ball check valves 59a. The couplings are connected with the pipes I8, by means of which the material to be inserted in the containers is discharged into these pipes. I'he pistons 62 are connected to a reciprocating member 10 in any desired manner, as by means of pins 7|, and are reciprocated along the rods 12 when the pump is operated. The pump is intermittently operated by means .of a shaft '13, which is mounted in a suitable bearing 14, and which is driven -by a pulley or sprocket 75. Connected with the end ofthe shaft '13 is a disc 16. An arm H is pivotally connected to the reciprocating member 10 by a .pin 18. This arm is connected to a short shaft 19, which is eccentrically connected with the shaft 13 (Fig. 24). As herein shown, the arm 11 has a slot at its upper end into which the short shaft I9 is received which is held against removal by a threaded member 80. The short shaft 19 is adjustable to vary the stroke of the pistons 62. This result is secured by fastening the short shaft 19 to an adjustable block 3| located in a slot 82 in the disc I6. Adjusting screws 83 and 84 are threaded into members 85 and 86 fastened to the disc it. These adjusting block Bl, so that it can be moved with relation to the shaft 13 to vary the cocentric relationship between the shafts l3 and 19.

The pump cylinders are mounted upon a base 87, which is adjustably mounted upon a supporting wall 88 by fastening devices 89 passing through slots 90 in the base 81. As the pistons of the pump are reciprocated and pro jected into the lower ends of the cylinders, they each displace a measured quantity of the liquid, and these measured quantities are sealed It will be noted that by adjusting the position of the short shaft 19, the stroke of the pistons may be shortened or lengthened, thereby decreasing or increasing the amount of liquid discharged at each reciproca-v tion. For purposes of illustration, the pump is shown with four cylinders, but it is of course evident that the number of cylinders may be increased so as to increase the number of containers made at each operation of the device. The lower ends I9a of the pipes I9 project downwardly through the spaces between the rollers 53 and 54 formed by the grooves 55. There will be as many grooves 55 as there are pipes I9. At opposite sides of the grooves 55 are annular projections 9I, which substantially close the ends of the spaces 92 between the rollers 53 and 54.

The sheets of material 35 and 31, after leaving the wheels I and 2 and passing through the lubricant baths, pass between the rollers 53 and 54, which feed the sheets and form them around the pipes connected with the pump. The annular projections 9I engage the two sheets 36 and 31 and press and seal them together so as to form closed tubes around the pipes. The rollers 53 and 54 are driven as hereinafter described.

Some means is preferably provided to prevent the sheets 36 and 31 and the tubes from sticking to the rollers 53 and 54. As herein shown, this is accomplished by means of a plurality of ribs or members 93 which project between the rollers 53 and 54 in the spaces 92 (see Figs. '1 and 20), and which are connected to holding members 94 fastened to thesupports 95.- Located below the rollers 53 and 54 are the dies for forming the closed containers filled with the filling material used. The upper portions of the dies consist of opposed die members 96 and 91, which are supported upon reciprocating supports 96a. and 91a. These supports, with the die members attached thereto, are moved toward and away from each other by suitable mechanism, as hereinafter described.

These die members 96 and 91 may be in a single piece, that is, integral if desired, as shown in Fig. 26. They are preferably, however, made up of two separable sections, the member 96 being provided with a section 961) and the member 91 with a section 91?). The sections 9617 and 91b are movable with relation to the parts 99 and 91. The section 9% is provided with pins 98 which work in slots 99 in plates I00. These plates are fastened to the part 96 by screws IOI. The section 911) is provided with pins I02, which pass through slots I03 in plates I04. These plates are fastened in position by screws I05. The die member 96 is fastened to the reciprocating support 96a by thefastening devices I05. The die member 91 is fastened to the reciprocating member 91a by fastening devices I01. The part 991) is pressed toward the pipes I9a by springs 950 so that it projects inwardly a small amount beyond the part 95. The part 91b is provided with springs 910, which press it inwardly toward the pipes I9a a small amount farther than the die member 91. The plates I and I04 limit this movement. These die members have opposed engaging faces which engage the outside tube of gelatinous material surrounding the nozzles or pipes I9a.

These engaging faces are preferably divided into two parts I08 and I09, the faces I08 projecting inwardly a short distance more than the faces I09 so that they engage tubes IIO before the faces I09, so as to make a tight connection to prevent the material with which the containers are filled from being forced upwardly along the pipes I9a past that portion of the tubes, opposite which they are located.

This construction insures the proper pressure being applied to the tubes I III to prevent leakage of the material upward along the pipes I Set. The

outlet ends III of the pipes I9a are preferably located at the lower end of the die members 96 and 91. The reciprocating supports 96a and 91a are slidably mounted upon rods H2 and H3 (see Fig. 10).

Located below the die members 96 and 91 are die members H4 and H5 (Figs. 19, 20 and 21). These die members are fastened to reciprocating supports H6 and H1, which are mounted upon rods H8 and H9 and which are reciprocated by the mechanism hereinafter described, see Fig. 14.

Attached to the die member H4 are shaping and severing members I20, and there are similar and opposed shaping and severing members I2I attached to the die member I I5. These die members I20 and I2! may be of any shape desired, and they are herein shown as being cylindrical in shape and hollow.

When the tubes H0 of gelatinous material are moved down below the ends III of the pipes I9a, the die members H4 and H5 are moved toward each other so as to cause them to engage those portions of the tubes of gelatinous material below the pipes I9a and form them into closed receptacles, sealing the edges and simultaneously severing the receptacles from the sheet of gelatinous material. When the die members I20 and I2I come together to shape and sever the containers from the sheet of gelatinous material, this sheet has a tendency to stick to the opposed edges of these die members. Some means is provided for loosening the sheet therefrom. As herein shown, there are provided stripper plates I22 and I23. These stripper plates are apertured to receive and slide on the members I20 and I2I of the dies H4 and H5, respectively. The stripper plates project slightly beyond the ends of the members I20 and I2I when the dies are open.

The plates I22 and I23 are fastened to the die members H4 and H5, respectively, by threaded pins I24 and I21, which have heads I25 and I28 countersunk into their respective plates. Springs I26 and. I29 surround these threaded fastening members I24 and I21, having one end engaging the die member I I4 or I I5 and the other end engaging the plate I22 or I23. When the two die members I I4 and H5 are moved toward each other, these stripper plates engage portions I30 of the sheet of gelatinous material and are moved back on the supporting pins I24 and I21, so as to leave a space I3I (Fig. 22) between the heads and the plates. When the die members H4 and H5 are separated, the springs I26 and I29 move the plates toward each other so as to disengage the sheet of gelatinous material from the edges of thedie members I20 and I2I. The further movement of the die members H4 and H5 carries the stripper plates I22 and I23 back to their initial positions. The die members I I4 and I I5 are attached to the supports H6 and H1 by fastening devices or bolts I32 and I33. The stripper plates I22 and I23 come together ahead of the dies so all of the filling material is forced into the space between the sheets where the capsule is to be formed and thus all of the filling material ends up in the capsule.

When the closed containers are formed and severed from the sheets of gelatinous material, they may adhere to the shaping and severing members I20 and I2I and some means is provided for releasing them so that these containers, although separated from the sheets, may move downward with the sheets to bring new portions 9- of the tubes IIO opposite the shaping and severing' members. As herein shown, this is accomplished by a plurality of releasing members, one associated with each shaping and severing member. These releasing members comprise a head I34 (Figs. 19, 20, 21 and22), which issmaller in diameter than the interior diameter of the shaping and severing members. Each head is connected to a stem I35. These stemsare slidably mounted in the die members H4 and I I and.

have their ends attached to reciprocating members I36 and I31. These reciprocating members I36 and I31 are located in recesses in the re ciprocating supports II 6 and H1 The recesses are wider than the reciprocating members I36 and I31 by the spaces I38 and I39 (Figs. 12'and 22). Connected at each end of thereciprocating members I36 and I31 are pins I40, which are threaded into the members I36 and I31. These pins have threaded openings at their other ends into which fit threaded bolts I4I. eating members H6 and Ill, through which the members I40 pass, have enlarged openings I42 in which are located springs l43 the inner ends of which engage shoulders I44 and the outer ends of which engage washers I45 on the bolts I4I.

These bolts have heads I46 which, when the dies are separated, are held in engagement with stops I41 on fixed cross members by the springs I43. When the reciprocating supports H6 and I I1 are moved toward each other, the springs I43 maintain the heads I46 of the bolts I 4. I in contact with the stops, I41f'and hence during this first movement the reciprocating members I36 and I31, carrying the closed container releasing members, remain stationary until they reach the bottoms of the'rcesssin the reciprocating supports H6 and 'II1 'th'at is, they remain stationary until these reciprocatingsupports have moved a distance equal to the width of the spaces H38 and I39, The 'rec'iprocating members I 39 and I31 then. move inwardly with the: supports H6 and I I1. By holding these .partsstationary The recipro for this distance, the supporting heads I34 are held separated a sufficient amount to prevent them fro'm'engaging the closed containers (Figs. 20 and 22);. When'the shaping and severing members I20 and I2I reach. the innermostlimit of their movement so as'lto sealthe edges of the containers andsever thecontainers from the sheet df gelatinous materiahthe parts-are in position, as shown in Figs. 2 0 and'22, withth'e heads we of thebolts M1 at a distance from the stops I41 (Fig. 21) When the reciprocating supports H6 and Ill are moved outwardly to 'separate'the Shaping and severing members, the reciprocating members I36 and [31 move with themuntil the: heads I46of thebolts MI engage the' stops I41.'

Further movement of" the reciprocating members I36 and I31 isthen stopped and the opposed shaping and severing membersiIQZIJ and I2I continue to move so that th'e heads; 34 of the releasing members engage anyjconta'iners that may adhere to the shapingand severin'g'f members and release them so that theyare separated from the shaping and severing members, but maybe held to the sheets of gelatinous material.

"1 charge rollers I and I6I.

and at the'other end to a bell crank lever having arms I5I' andv I52, and which is pivoted at I53. The roller I 49 is separated from the roller I48 by moving the shaft I50 along the slot I54, which is accomplished by means of a handle I55. There is a spring I56 which is fastened to the shaft I50 at one end and to a fixed part I51 at the other end., The pivot I53 is arranged so that when the roller I49 is in proximity to the roller I48, it tends to press the roller I49 toward the roller I48. When the roller I49 is moved outwardly to the position shown. in dotted lines, to separate the two rollers, this spring passes on the other side of the pivot I53 and then tends to hold the roller-I49 away from the roller I48. When the roller I49 is being pressed toward the roller I48, the pressure is regulated by an adjusting screw I 58..wh;i'ch is threaded into a fixed member I59, the end engaging the arm I52 of the bell crank lever. The rollers I48 and I49 engage the closed containers and the sheets, tending to pull them downwardly and keep the gelatinous material between the rollers 53 and 54 in a taut condition.

They further engage the closed containers after they have been formed, and if any of these closed containers are weak, the pressure of the rollers is important that no weak containers be packed in a bottle or other receptacle, inasmuch as they may break, their contents leak out, and thereby spoil many of the good ones in the bottle.

Located below the rollers I48 and I49 are dis- These rollers are slightly out of contact with each other, but the space between'th'em is insufficient to allow a container to pass downwardly between them. The containers are engaged by these rollers and dis charged from the'sheets which have been formed and drop down into a suitablere'ceptacle. Both of these roller's'.are driven The rollers I60 and I6! may have" knurled or otherwise roughened faces.

Located below the rollers I60 and I6I are the tension rollers I62 and I63 which engage the gelatinousjmaterial after the. containers have been removed therefrom and apply tension to it so as to pull 'it down. The'roller I 63 is mounted upon 'a shaft I64 connected to a bell crank lever h'aving'arms I65 and I66 pivoted at I61. The

Located below'the dieslbwhichformithe elos'e'd containers are rollers I48a'nd I 49 (Fig. 6). The roller I48 is driven. When the gelatinous material is threaded through the machine, the rollers I48 and I49 are separated to permit this to be done easily. For this purpose the roller I49 is mounted on a shaft I50 (see Figs. "6 and 14), which is connected at one end to a lever I 5Ia roller I63 may be separated from the roller I 62 by moving the shaft I64 along a slot I68. This is done by means of a handle I69. A spring I10 tends to hold the .roller' I63 in contact with the roller I62.. I

The tension roller I62 is rotatably mounted in members I1I and I12. The member I1 I serves additionally to support one end of the discharge rollers" I69 and I6I. The other ends of these rollers are supported in a bracket me (see Figs. 5 and 16). The shaft I64 of the roller I 63 is rotatably' suspended in an arm I65 at one end and an arm a at the opposite end, and the memher I II has the slot, I68 so the roller I63 can be .moved awayfrom the roller I62. The roller I62 is driven by a'splockt Wheel I13 and is provided with a gear I14 which drives the discharge rollers are staggered :(see Fig. '27) so that the sheet is movement.

bent out of alignment. Some means is provided for adjusting this tension. As herein shown, this result is secured by mounting the rollers I18 and I19 on an adjustable member I80 by connecting the adjustable membe to a member I8I of a bell crank lever which is pivoted at I82. The other member I83 of this bell crank lever is provided with a handle I84 by which it is moved. The adjustable member I80 is connected to the bell crank lever by a connecting member I85, which'moves in a slot I86 to secure the adjustment. There is a spring I81 which applies tension to the bell crank lever and the adjustable member I80. 7

I In moving the die members toward each other to engage the gelatinous material and form the closed containers, some means is provided for moving the die members toward each other at a very slow speed during the last part of their movement as they are coming together in order to prevent the gelatinous material from being injured, as i likely to result from a rapid movement of these dies near the end of their closing As herein shown, this result is secured by the following means:

The reciprocating supports H6 and I" which are mounted upon the rods H8 and H9 are each provided with a projecting adjustable member I88, preferably provided with an enlarged head I89 (Figs. 10, l1 and 12). Each of these adjustable members is engaged by a cam I90. Since the parts for moving the reciprocatin supporting members H6 and III are similar, I have described one in detail and given the same reference numerals to them. These cams are mounted upon shafts I9I and I92, which are driven, as hereinafter described, at the same speed. An enlarged view of the cams I90 illustrating the details of their construction is shown in Fig. 11, which shows the cam separated from the shaft and is a diagrammatic view showing the various cam surfaces and how they act. The cams have openings I99 for the shaft I9I or I92.

When the die members are fully open, the cam face I94 is engaging the head I89 of the member I88 attached to the reciprocating supports H6 and H1. The reciprocatin supports H6 and Ill are moved in one direction by the cams and in the other direction by springs I95 and I96 when the pressure of the cams is released. The cams are moved in the direction of the arrows. The.

cam face I97, by means of which the containerforming dies are moved during the early part of their movement toward each other, increases its distance from the center of the opening I93 of the cam at a comparatively high rate so as to move the container-forming dies rapidly toward each other. The cam face I98 departs at a lesser rate from the center of the opening I93 so as to slow down the movement of the container-formingdies. The cam face I99 increases its distance from the center of the opening I93 of the cam at a very much slower rate so as to greatly slow down the movement of the container-forming dies toward each other during the latter part of their movement. The cam face 200 is at the maximum distance from the center of the opening I93 and holds the dies closed durin this interval. The dot-dash line is a true are drawn about the center of rotation of the cam I90.

, The reason for the slowing down of the movement of the container-forming dies during the latter part of their movement is in order to avoid the formation of leaky capsules. The containerforming dies canbe moved away from their final closed position at a much greater speed becauseextending through 65, the cam face I98 as extending through 25, the cam face I99 as extending through the cam face 200 as extending through 10, and the cam face 20I as extending through 68. This showing is simply made for purposes of illustration of one form of cam that has given complete satisfaction. It is, of course, evident that the length of these cam faces and the speed with which they depart from the center of the opening I93 can be greatly varied. The important factor is that during the latter part of the movement of the container-forming cams toward their closed position, this movement should be very slow so as not to injure the material from which the containers are formed, while the movement of the container-forming cams, after the containers have been formed, away from their closed position, should be rapid: The cams are connected to the shafts in any desired manner. As herein shown, they are con-' nected by keys in key slots 202 and by set screws in threaded holes 203 and 204.

The cams 205, which move the reciprocating supports 96a and 91a, carrying the die members 96 and 91 which engage the two sheets of gelatinous material and form them into a tube around the pipe I9a, are of a different shape, as these dies do not have the same conditions to meet. The die members 96 and 9! should be closed earlier than the die members H4 and H5 so as to form the tube and press it tightly around the pipe 19a before the shaping and severing members of the die members H4 and H5 apply pressure to that portion of the tube which projects beyond the end of the pipe I9a, for otherwise these shaping and severing members would press the material in the projecting end of the tube upwardly so that a full container might not be secured.

The two cams for these upper dies are similar, and I have described one and applied the same numerals to both of them. In Fig. 10 the parts are shown with the dies in their open position and the faces of the cams engaging heads 206 of members 201 which are attached to the reciprocating supports 96a and 91a. The cams 205 rotate in the direction of the arrows. The first movement of each cam is very rapid so that when the cam face 208 has passed the head 206,-

the die members 96 and 91 are completely closed. The cam face 209 is an arc of a circle with its center at the center of the opening of the cam so as to hold tightly the die members 96 and 9'! in their closed positions. The portion of the face 2-I0 rapidly approaches the center of the opening in the cam so as to open quickly the die members 96 and 91. The reciprocating supports 96a and 91a, with the die members connected thereto and which reciprocate on the rods H2 and II3, are moved away from each other "by springs 2H and 2I2 on the rods H2 and H3.

The various shafts and parts may be driven in any desired manner. In the construction shown, for example, in Fig. 4, there are two motors. The motor 2I3 is provided with speedchanging gears in a housing 2l4, which gears drive a shaft 2I5. This shaft is provided with 

